Tuff Rock


Tuff rock is a common pyroclastic rock. 

It forms when explosive stratovolcanoes erupt and throw ash, debris, other rock parts, lava, gases and steam into the air.



The fragments solidify and later, are cemented together.

If it is hot enough they are "welded" together, forming welded tuff.

  tuffs
  By R E M I B R I D O T via Flickr.com

 If the mixture contains rhyolite, rhyolite tuff is formed.

  volcanic tuff
  By R E M I B R I D O T via Flickr.com 

It contains biotite, feldspar, quartz, and glassy, pumiceous fragments.

  tuff beach
  By R E M I B R I D O T via Flickr.com

If the mixture contains trachyte, trachyte tuff forms.

  tuff country
  By R E M I B R I D O T via Flickr.com

It contains mainly sanidine or anorthoclase, and lesser amounts of feldspar, quartz, hornblende, augite and biotite.

 tuff-stone
 By mlhradio via Flickr.com

If the mixture contains andesite, andesitic tuff forms.

It contains quartz, chlorite, calcite, chalcedony and epidote.

 tuff rock
 By only_point_five via Flickr.com

Basaltic tuffs form from basaltic rock material.

 what does tuff mean
 By only_point_five via Flickr.com

They are dark in colour and vary in grain size.

 what is tuff
 By Ian Geoffrey Stimpson via Flickr.com 

While andesitic and basaltic tuffs are common, ultramafic ones are very rare.

 tuff meaning
 By Ian Geoffrey Stimpson via Flickr.com 

They are associated with kimberlites - the rock that contains diamonds.











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